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M F P 1 A Multiple Field Processor and Related Tools for the Professional Developer Copyright 1990 by Jerome G. Kahn, All rights reserved Produced Exclusively for Pride Software Advancement Corporation 3575 N.W. 31 Avenue Oakland Park, Florida 33309 * Turbo C is a registered trademark of Borland International. * Lattice is a registered trademark of Lattice Inc. * Microsoft is a registered trademark of Microsoft Corporation. M F P 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE DESCRIPTION 4 MFP1 License Statement 5 Installation Data Entry and User Input Functions 7 Function: MFP 8 MFP Field Definition 9 MFP List 10 - 11 MFP Data Entry Picture Formatting 12 MFP Field Editing Keys 13 MFP Pre and Post Validation 14 MFP Procedure List 15 - 19 MFP Example Listing 20 - 24 MFP Example Listing Narrative 25 MFP Run Time Error Messages 26 Function: MENU 27 MENU Item Definition MENU List MENU Color 28 MENU Help Text 29 MENU Example 30 Function: PIC 31 Function: SCRN 32 Function: INKEY 33 INKEY Keyboard Usage 34 INKEY Definitions 35 Function: GETKEY 36 Function: FLUSH M F P 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE 2 PAGE DESCRIPTION Data Entry and User Input Functions (continued) 37 Function: PAUSE 38 Function: FAST Screen Output Functions 40 Function: COLOR 41 Function: CUP 42 Function: GETCUP 43 Function: PRINT 44 Function: SAY 45 Function: BIOPUTC 46 Function: ESHOW Window Functions 48 Function: WINDOW_CREATE 49 Function: WINDOW_KILL 50 Function: WCLS 51 Function: BOX 52 Function: W_SWAP 53 Function: SCRSWP Buffer Manipulation Functions 55 Function: ZERO 56 Function: FILL 57 Function: CRC & CRC32 Date and Time Functions 59 Function: DATE 60 Function: LDATE 61 Function: STR_JUL M F P 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE 3 PAGE DESCRIPTION Date and Time Functions (continued) 62 Function: JUL_STR 63 Function: CAL_JUL 64 Function: JUL_CAL 65 Function: STRTIME 66 Function: TIME_NUM Miscellaneuos Functions 68 Function: BRKOFF & BRKON 70 Function: SCRSAVE & NOSAVE 71 Function: SHOWCLOK & NOCLOK 72 Function: DELAY MFP1 License Statement This software is protected by both United States copyright law and international treaty provisions. You, as a professional developer, know better than any others what that means. You don't want your software proliferated by others without any remuneration for your efforts any more than we do. We ask that you respect our rights and in return we will pro- vide you the best support and products to make you more productive. This is a special shareware release of the complete MFP1 library. You are required to register your copy with us at Pride if you wish to distribute any software linked with the MFP1 library. You are NOT authorized to remove or modify any copyright notices embedded in the MFP1 library files and the resultant linkage. To register your copy you MUST supply us with your name, mailing address, day-time phone number, your compiler type and version, and a check or money order for $25.00. Please send your registration information to: Pride Software Advancement Corporation 3575 N.W. 31st Avenue Oakland Park, Florida 33309 Your check or money order must be made payable to Pride Software Advancement Corporation. You may consider yourself licensed on the date you register this copy. Source code is available directly from Pride for $159.00 plus 6% tax. Include payment along with your registration if you want source and book. Software that you write and compile using the MFP1 library may be sold or given away without any additional license or fees. LIMITED WARRANTY We at Pride have made every effort to provide you with a bug-free and well designed product. All features have been extensively tested. We feel we are providing you with a mature and stable product. Nonetheless, we cannot be held liable for any loss of profit or any other commercial damage, including but not limited to, special; incidental; consequential; or other damages. You, as the developer, are the ultimate responsibilty for the integrity of your product. In the event that you discover a bug in the MFP1 library, you are re- quested to contact our programming staff at (305)731-1085. They shall make every effort to resolve your particular problem. GOVERNING LAW This statement shall be governed, interpreted, and construed by the laws of the State of Florida. INSTALLATION Installation is fairly straightforward, each library disk contains all the libraries and header files for that type compiler. Each library is named with its memory model as its suffix. There is only one header file beacuse it is not memory model dependent. The mfp.h header file should be copied into the directory where your other header files are stored. The MFPX.LIB files should be copied into the directory where you have your other library files stored. These are the only files you need to use MFP1. The other diskettes contain the source and object files necesarry to modify MFP1. Model Turbo C Lattice Microsoft ----- ------- ------- --------- Tiny T N/A T Small S S S Compact C P C Medium M D M Large L L L Huge H N/A H DATA ENTRY AND USER INPUT FUNCTIONS =============================================================================== MFP =============================================================================== Function Multiple Field Processor. Syntax void mfp( MFP *list, [ PROC *p_list ]|[ 0 ] ); Prototype in mfp.h Remarks MFP scans the provided edit list to process a data entry session. The order in which the list is layed out is the order of field sequencing. Each field is entered and processed individually so any combination of character and numeric fields are permitted. Pre and post field validation is possible by providing the address of pre and post functions when defining an entry field. The pre and post validation functions can perform any task the programmer wishes. Pre and post validation tasks have access to all the variables concerning the data, its location, picture, and color. Character fields can be formatted by use of the picture formatting string. Numeric fields are defined in length, decimal places, and type using the same formatting struct- ure as printf(). An optional procedure list can be passed which defines any key or group of keys as "HOT KEYS" that can execute any function you desire. A PROC list is created by you that associates any key with any function. NOTE: Microsoft and Lattice C users, because MFP uses its own color driver instead of relying on the graphics library functions, to optimize performance and resultant code size, the color driver MUST be disabled before exiting to DOS. This is performed by calling color() and passing it minus one in the fg and bg parameters, color( -1,-1 ). 7 mfp MFP FIELD DEFINITION An MFP field is defined in the following manner: 1) A pointer to the data item. 2) A pointer to the picture format string. 3) The row and column of where the item will be on the screen. 4) The foreground and background attributes of the input field. 5) Optional pointers to the pre and post validation functions. If pre and post validation is not used, a zero must be placed in the pre and post validation positions. The following example will allow the entry of a three character string converted to uppercase at row 5 column 15 with a black foreground and a white background without pre or post validation. The field name is "example_1" and will be referenced by that name in the MFP list. char buffer[ 4 ]; MFP example_1[] = { buffer, "!!!", 5, 15, BLACK, WHITE, 0, 0 }; ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ Field Name -------+ | | | | | | | | Pointer to data variable --------+ | | | | | | | Picture formatting string ---------------+ | | | | | | Row of field location ------------------------+ | | | | | Column of field location -------------------------+ | | | | Foreground color of entry field -----------------------+ | | | Background color of entry field ------------------------------+ | | Pre validation function pointer -----------------------------------+ | Post validation function pointer -------------------------------------+ The following example will allow the entry of a five digit decimal integer at row 10 column 15 with a blue foreground and a black background. Post validation is performed but no pre validation. The field name is "example_2" and will be referenced by that name in the MFP list. void post(void); int idata; MFP example_2[] = { &idata, "%5d", 10, 15, BLUE, BLACK, 0, post }; The following example will allow the entry of a twelve digit double precision floating point variable with nine digits left of the decimal point and two digits to the right. Including the decimal point, that makes up the field length of twelve. The input field will be located at row 15 column 15 and have a white foreground and blue background. Pre and post validation is performed. The field name is "example_3" and will be referenced by that name in the MFP list. void pre(void); void post(void); double fdata; MFP example_3[] = { &fdata, "%12.2lf", 15, 15, WHITE, BLUE, pre, post }; 8 mfp THE MFP LIST The MFP list array defines which fields are to be entered and in what order. The fields in the MFP list must be defined. The MFP list is the first parameter that will be passed to the mfp() function. The following example MFP list defines three fields to be inputted. The three fields were described on the previous pages of this text. MFP *example[] = { example_1, example_2, example_3, 0 }; The MFP list "example" will tell the mfp() function that fields example_1, example_2, and example_3 are to be input and in the order that they appear in the list. When the mfp() function has scanned and processed all of the defined fields and has read in the zero it will exit and return control to the calling program. NOTE: All MFP lists must be terminated with a zero to define the end of the list. 9 mfp DATA ENTRY PICTURE FORMATTING One of the main features that makes MFP stand out is it's picture or data formatting capability. MFP uses a picture string to identify the data type and it's characteristics. Numeric variables are identified with a "%" percent symbol as the first picture character. Any other symbol in the first character position forces MFP to assume the data is a character array. Numeric data is always entered as BASE 10 or decimal. Character entry is filtered by MFP to not allow control codes into an entry field. Character formatting symbols are as follows: ! Upper case conversion. ( alphanumeric ) * Security echo. All characters are allowed. 0 - 9 Numeric characters only, value limited by formatter A, a Alpha only allowed H, h Hexadecimal characters only X, x Any ASCII character Y, y Y or N only All others used as stationary objects Numeric formatting requirements are as follows: "%nn[.][nn]|[L][l][h]|[d][u][f]" * The first character must be a percent symbol. * A length parameter must be provided. This will represent the entire entry field length including decimal points and sign. * If a decimal point is provided a decimal length parameter is required to indicate the number of decimal positions. A decimal point cannot be used for non-floating point variables. NOTE: The length parameter must be at least three greater than the decimal length. ie; "%5.3f" would be illegal, yet "%5.2f" would be okay. * Last is the variable type. MFP allows certain modifiers to the standard variable types. The legal types are as follows: hd -- Short integer. d -- Signed integer. ld -- Signed long integer. u -- Unsigned integer. lu -- Unsigned long integer. f -- Single precision floating point. lf -- Double precision floating point. * Lf -- Long double precision floating point. * Long double is not a standard variable type. Turbo C supports long double along with a few other compilers. The other versions of this library converts your long double to a double. If your compiler supports long double, you may recompile the mfp.c file after changing the define LONGDOUBLE to equate to TRUE. Then you may replace the MFP object file in the library. 10 mfp DATA ENTRY PICTURE FORMATTING (cont'd) The following are examples of numeric data entry pictures and the data they may represent: "%12.2lf" -- 999999999.99 "%5d" -- 32565 "%10lu" -- 9999999999 "%7.4f" -- 99.9999 The following are examples of character data entry pictures and the data they may represent: "(999)999-9999" -- Makes a good telephone field. The user can only enter or position the cursor at the non-stationary entry positions. The parenthesis and dashes would be skipped over allowing entry in only the proper fields. The "9"s allow any number from zero to nine to be entered. "!!!!!!!!!!" -- Ten characters all uppercase. Make sure the data item can hold ten characters plus a terminating NULL. "999-99-9999" -- Social security number entry field. "!!-999!!!!" -- The first two characters will be uppercase alphanumeric followed by a dash then three numeric only characters followed by four uppercase alphanumerics. "********" -- Eight character password entry field, all characters are allowed but only spaces are displayed. "99AAA!!!!" -- The first two characters are numeric the next three are alpha and the last four are uppercase alphnumeric. "Y" -- This is a single character entry field for a 'Y' or an 'N'. Input is converted to upper- case. "19/39/99" -- This is a character date entry field. The first character can be a '1' or '0'. The second can be any number, The third character is skipped but is part of the input string. The fourth character can be anything from '0' to '3'. "XXXXXXXX" -- This is an eight character entry field. No uppercase conversion is performed. What you type is what you get. 11 mfp FIELD EDITING KEYS Up Arrow -- Moves cursor to first character of previous field. If already at the first field, moves cursor to beginning of field. Down Arrow -- Moves cursor to first character of next field. If aleady at last field, exits the editing session and mfp() returns to calling routine. Left Arrow -- Moves the cursor left to an input position in the current field. Will jump over non-input positions defined in the field picture. Has no effect if already at the first input character. Right Arrow -- Moves the cursor right to an input position in the current field. Will jump over non-input positions defined in the field picture. Has no effect if already at the last input position. Ctrl Right -- Moves the cursor to the last input position in the current field. Ctrl Left -- Moves the cursor to the first input position in the current field. Backspace -- Move cursor to next left input position while deleting the contents of the input position. Destructive backspace. Home -- Moves the cursor to the first input position of the first field. End -- Ends the edit session. mfp() returns to the calling function. Insert -- Puts mfp() into the insert mode allowing characters that are keyed to be inserted in front of characters that are positioned to the right. This key is a toggle which activates and deactivates the insert mode. Delete -- Deletes the current character and shifts all characters to the right of the deleted character left once. Ctrl Backspace -- Deletes the entire entry field and positions cursor to the beginning of the field. 12 mfp PRE AND POST VALIDATION 1) Cursor moves into field. 2) Previous contents of field are displayed. 3) Jump to line 6 if no pre-process. 4) Procedure for pre-process is executed. 5) Jump to line 10 if pre-process returned valid as a FALSE. 6) User inputs data into field. 7) Jump to line 10 if no post-process. 8) Procedure for post-process is executed. 9) Skip to line 6 if post-process returned valid as a FALSE. 10) This field is finished, onto the next field... This describes the decisions mfp() makes when working a field. The field processor provides the pre and post validation functions a variety of data about the current field. Since the data is global, the pre and post validation functions you write can have access to all data in all fields allowing a great degree of flexibilty. The mfp() function will allow you to perform any type of operation you choose, including modifying the field you are entering or other fields. MFP provides the following list of global variables for your validation functions to use: int mfp_valid -- This variable is used to determine the outcome of your pre or post validation. If the validation fails this variable must be made FALSE. If your validation passes then make it TRUE. int mfp_field -- This variable represents the current field number starting with zero. int mfp_update -- This variable indicates if the fields contents have been changed. Non-zero if changed, zero if not changed. void *mfp_data -- This variable is a pointer to the data item being entered. Your validation function may use this any way you see fit. You may change the data items value or read it directly by using it. char *mfp_picture -- This is a pointer to the picture formatting string for the field being entered. You may use it any way you see fit. int mfp_row -- This variable provides your validation function with the screen row the entry field is on. int mfp_col -- This variable provides your validation function with the screen column the entry field is on. int mfp_fg -- This variable provides your validation function with the foreground color of the entry field. int mfp_bg -- This variable provides your validation function with the background color of the entry field. 13 mfp THE PROCEDURE LIST The second parameter that can be passed to the MFP function is a procedure list that sets up a relationship of keyboard keys to functions. The procedure is called when the defined key is pressed. When the procedure is finished MFP regains control from where it left off. The typedef PROC defines a structure that is used to define the link between key and function. A PROC variable is defined and a list of PROC variables is passed to the MFP function. The PROC variable needs the integer key value returned by inkey() and a pointer to the function. Any key that the inkey() function can detect is legal for use as a hot key. The following is an example of hot key definitions: void help( void ); void popup_1( void ); void popup_2( void ); PROC hotkey_1[] = { FN1, help }; /* F1 is for help */ PROC hotkey_2[] = { FN2, popup_1 }; /* F2 is a popup menu */ PROC hotkey_3[] = { FN3, popup_2 }; /* F3 is another popup */ PROC *hotkeys[] = { hotkey_1, hotkey_2, hotkey_3, 0 }; The PROC list "hotkeys" is an array of pointers to variables of type PROC. The order in which the hot keys are listed does not affect operation. The "hotkeys" variable would be passed as the second parameter in the mfp() function call. Any time F1, F2, or F3 were pressed when mfp() was executed the functions help(), popup_1(), or popup_2() would execute then return control to mfp(). NOTE: The PROC list, like the MFP list, must be terminated with a zero. 14 MFP EXAMPLE LISTING mfp 1: #include <stdio.h> 2: #include <string.h> 3: #include <dos.h> 4: #include <conio.h> 5: #include <ctype.h> 6: #include <mfp.h> 7: 8: void drawscrn( char * ); 9: void prompts( void ); 10: void mess24( char *mess ); 11: void help( void ); 12: void inst( void ); 13: 14: char name[ 21 ]; 15: short int binarys = 0; 16: int rel_lum = 0; 17: long int sfc_temp = 0L; 18: unsigned int abs_lum = 0; 19: unsigned long int age_yrs = 0L; 20: float magnitd = 0.0; 21: double distance = 0.0; 22: long double mass = 0.0; 23: 24: MFP ln1[] = { name,"!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!", 5,20,BLACK,WHITE,inst,0 }; 25: MFP ln2[] = { &binarys, "%2hd", 7,20,BLACK,WHITE,inst,0 }; 26: MFP ln3[] = { &rel_lum, "%6d", 9,20,BLACK,WHITE,inst,0 }; 27: MFP ln4[] = { &abs_lum, "%6u", 11,20,BLACK,WHITE,inst,0 }; 28: MFP ln5[] = { &sfc_temp, "%9ld", 13,20,BLACK,WHITE,inst,0 }; 29: MFP ln6[] = { &age_yrs, "%9lu", 15,20,BLACK,WHITE,inst,0 }; 30: MFP ln7[] = { &magnitd, "%9.3f", 17,20,BLACK,WHITE,inst,0 }; 31: MFP ln8[] = { &distance, "%13.3lf", 19,20,BLACK,WHITE,inst,0 }; 32: MFP ln9[] = { &mass, "%20.3Lf", 21,20,BLACK,WHITE,inst,0 }; 33: 34: MFP *lst[] = { ln1, ln2, ln3, ln4, ln5, ln6, ln7, ln8, ln9, 0 }; 35: 36: PROC p1[] = { FN1, help }; 37: PROC p2[] = { FN2, fast }; 38: 39: PROC *plist[] = { p1, p2, 0 }; 40: 41: void main() 42: { 43: int yorn; 44: drawscrn("MFP Demonstration Program"); 45: prompts(); 46: do 47: { 48: mess24("Please enter above data..."); 49: ed_list = lst; 50: mfp( lst, plist ); 51: mess24("[ OPTIONS ] <E>dit, <S>ave, or <A>bort (E/S/A) "); 52: do 53: { 54: yorn = inkey(); 55: } 56: while( !yorn ); 15 MFP EXAMPLE LISTING (cont'd) mfp 57: yorn = toupper( yorn ); 58: if( yorn == 'S' ) 59: { 60: mess24("Saving data..."); 61: } 62: } 63: while( yorn == 'E' ); 64: color( WHITE, BLACK ); 65: } 66: 67: void drawscrn( char *header ) 68: { 69: char buf[ 11 ]; 70: int x; 71: color( WHITE, BLACK ); 72: clrscr(); 73: color( BLACK, WHITE ); 74: wcls( 1,1, 2,80 ); 75: color( WHITE, BLACK ); 76: for( x = 3 ; x < 25 ; x++ ) 77: { 78: cup( x,1 ); 79: putch(186); 80: cup( x,48 ); 81: putch(179); 82: cup( x,80 ); 83: putch(186); 84: } 85: color( BLACK, WHITE ); 86: wcls( 24,1, 24,80 ); 87: cup( 1, 2 ); 88: print( ldate( buf ) ); 89: cup( 1,71 ); 90: print( strtime( buf ) ); 91: x = strlen( header ); 92: cup( 2, (80-x)/2 ); 93: print(header); 94: color( WHITE, BLACK ); 95: wcls( 25,1, 25,80 ); 96: cup( 25,2 ); 97: print("F1 Help | F2 Jump | F3 | F4 | "); 98: print("F5 | F6 | F7 | F8 "); 99: } 100: 101: void prompts( void ) 102: { 103: color( CYAN, BLACK ); 104: cup( 5,4 ); 105: print("Stellar Ident:"); 106: cup( 7,4 ); 107: print(" System Size:"); 108: cup( 9,4); 109: print(" Relative Lux:"); 110: cup( 11,4 ); 111: print(" Absolute Lux:"); 16 MFP EXAMPLE LISTING (cont'd) mfp 112: cup( 13,4 ); 113: print(" Surface Temp:"); 114: cup( 15,4 ); 115: print(" Stellar Age:"); 116: cup( 17,4 ); 117: print(" Magnitude:"); 118: cup( 19,4 ); 119: print(" Light Years:"); 120: cup( 21,4 ); 121: print(" Mass:"); 122: color( WHITE, BLACK ); 123: } 124: 125: void mess24( char *mess ) 126: { 127: color( BLACK, WHITE ); 128: wcls( 24,2,24,76 ); 129: cup( 24,2 ); 130: print( mess ); 131: } 132: 133: char *name_txt[] = { "Please enter the name", 134: "of the stellar system.", 135: "", 136: "The name can be any", 137: "combination of letters", 138: "or numbers up to twenty", 139: "characters long.", 140: 0 141: }; 142: char *size_txt[] = { "Please enter the number", 143: "of stellar mass bodies", 144: "in this system.", 145: "", 146: "A binary system would", 147: "have two stellar masses.", 148: "", 149: "A system like our sun's", 150: "would have only one.", 151: 0 152: }; 153: char *lux_txt[] = { "Please enter the relative", 154: "intensity of the stellar", 155: "system in units of lux.", 156: "", 157: "This must be the relative", 158: "value not the absolute.", 159: "", 160: "This value may be positive", 161: "or negative with limits to", 162: "+/- 32000.", 163: "", 164: "It also must be a whole", 165: "number.", 166: 0 167: }; 17 MFP EXAMPLE LISTING (cont'd) mfp 168: char *alux_txt[] = { "Please enter the absolute", 169: "intensity of the stellar", 170: "system in units of lux.", 171: "", 172: "This must be the absolute", 173: "value and not the relative.", 174: "", 175: "This value must be positive.", 176: "Largest value cannot exceed", 177: "65,535. It must also be a", 178: "whole number.", 179: 0 180: }; 181: char *sftp_txt[] = { "Please enter the surface", 182: "temparature in degrees", 183: "Kelvin.", 184: "", 185: "The measured temparature", 186: "must be in whole degrees", 187: "and may be positive or", 188: "negative.", 189: "", 190: "In the case of a multiple", 191: "unit system, please enter", 192: "the average temparature.", 193: 0 194: }; 195: char *age_txt[] = { "Please enter the age of", 196: "the system in years.", 197: "", 198: "The age can be approximated", 199: "by the apparent luminosity", 200: "and the surface temp.", 201: "", 202: "The age cannot exceed 32", 203: "billion years.", 204: 0 205: }; 206: char *magn_txt[] = { "Please enter the magnitude", 207: "of the largest body in this", 208: "system.", 209: "", 210: "The magnitude of this system", 211: "can be entered as a floating", 212: "point value.", 213: 0 214: }; 215: char *ltyr_txt[] = { "Please enter the distance", 216: "from gravitaional center of", 217: "our solar system to the", 218: "gravitational center of", 219: "this system.", 220: "", 18 MFP EXAMPLE LISTING (cont'd) mfp 221: "This value must be entered", 222: "in light years. Fractional", 223: "light years are permitted.", 224: 0 225: }; 226: char *mass_txt[] = { "Please enter the systems", 227: "total mass in grams.", 228: "", 229: "This includes all masses", 230: "that rotate around the", 231: "center of mass of this", 232: "system.", 233: "", 234: "Planetary bodies can be", 235: "ommitted if no data is", 236: "present.", 237: 0 238: }; 239: char **help_txt[] = { name_txt, 240: size_txt, 241: lux_txt, 242: alux_txt, 243: sftp_txt, 244: age_txt, 245: magn_txt, 246: ltyr_txt, 247: mass_txt 248: }; 249: 250: void inst( void ) 251: { 252: int x = 0; 253: color( WHITE, BLACK ); 254: wcls( 5,50, 21,79 ); 255: while( help_txt[ mfp_field ][ x ] ) 256: { 257: cup( 7+x,50 ); 258: print( help_txt[ mfp_field ][ x++ ] ); 259: } 260: } 261: 262: void help( void ) 263: { 264: char buf[ 4096 ]; 265: scrswp( buf, 0 ); 266: color( BLACK, WHITE ); 267: wcls( 24,1,25,80 ); 268: mess24("Your outta luck: no help available, press any key..."); 269: pause(); 270: scrswp( buf, 1 ); 271: } 19 MFP EXAMPLE LISTING NARRATIVE mfp Lines 1 - 5: Includes for the prototypes and defines for the standard C functions used. Line 6: Include file needed to use MFP. Lines 8 - 12: Prototypes of the functions used in this example. Lines 14 - 22: Definition and intialization of variables to be used for data entry. This definition must preceed the MFP field definitions. Lines 24 - 32: An MFP entry field must be defined in this manner: MFP is a typedef and must preceed the MFP entry field variable, in this case the entry field variable would be ln1. The entry field variable must be an array defined with an open and close bracket. The entry field variable is initialized using the equal sign and enclosing the entry field parameters within braces. A semicolon must terminate each field definition. Line 24: Definition of a 20 character entry field for the name array. The entry data will be upper case and be positioned at row 5 column 20. It will have a black foreground and a white background. There is a prevalidation function called inst(). No post validation has been defined. Line 25: Definition of a 2 digit short integer entry field for the short integer binarys variable. Notice the ampersand, (&) preceeding the binarys variable name. This is absolutely neccessary because MFP needs a pointer to the data. This is not the case with character arrays because the name alone is the pointer. So all numeric variables must be preceeded with the ampersand in the MFP declaration. The picture uses the same format as printf(). This is the case for all numeric entry fields. Lines 26 - 32: Differ in the variable type and entry field size. These examples represent all the variable types MFP can deal with. The entry field length, decimal points, screen position and color are defined by you. 20 MFP EXAMPLE LISTING NARRATIVE (cont'd) mfp Line 34: Definition of the MFP list. The definition of this variable is straightforward enough. MFP needs a list of pointers to each entry field. The pointer to an entry field is its name without the array brackets. This variable happens to be called "lst". MFP will allow input into each field defined in "lst" and in the order that you put each entry field into lst. You can put whatever entry fields you want in whatever order you desire. The entry field must be defined prior to defining the list. -- All MFP lists must be terminated with a zero -- All entry fields must be seperated by commas inside the MFP list. The list variable must be defined as an array of pointers to variables of type MFP. That is why lst is prefixed by an asterick and suffixed by an open and close bracket. This list variable called lst will be passed to MFP as it's first parameter. Line 36: Definition of a HOT key procedure. PROC is a typedef needed to define a procedure variable, in this case p1. The PROC variable must be declared as an array with an open and close bracket. The PROC variable is initialized using the same technique as MFP. The first parameter must be the keyboard key that will activate this PROC. Many of the keyboard keys have been defined for clarity. Any key that the inkey() function can sense is legal for a PROC. The inkey() function is used by MFP for all keyboard I/O this is why the PROC must use the value of the key returned by inkey(). In this example the FN1 definition evaluates to Function key 1 or "F1". The second parameter seperated by a comma is a pointer to the function that will execute when the key is pressed. A pointer to any function is its name without the open and close parenthesis. In this example a pointer to the function help() is used. The function must have been previously prototyped. In this example help() was prototyped in line 11. Line 37: HOT key PROC definition that sets up function key 2 to execute a function called fast(). The function fast() is a special function defined and programmed in the MFP library. It is prototyped in the mfp.h header. The fast() function places numbers in each entry field and prompts the user for which entry field they want to edit. When the user keys in the field number they are positioned into that field and are allowed to edit the data in that field. When they are finished editing, the fast() function terminates and the user is positioned back to the field they were previously editing. We suggest that you incorporate this feature into your applications - especially in screens with a large number of entry fields. If a user makes a mistake in a previous field or just wants to change one field's contents, the fast() function will be easier than moving up or down to the field to be changed. 21 MFP EXAMPLE LISTING NARRATIVE (cont'd) mfp These HOT key PROC's only execute when mfp(), menu(), or scrn() are active. This should present little-to-no difficulty since most of the time your programs will be executing these functions awaiting user input. Line 39: Definition of the PROC list needed by MFP. This list which is called plist must be passed as the second parameter to MFP or scrn(). The PROC list must be defined in the same manner as the MFP list. It also must be terminated with a zero, to define the end of the list. Line 44: Calls the function to draw the screen and the screen header is passed as it's parameter. Line 45: Calls the function that displays the field prompts. Line 48: Calls the function to display the passed text on row 24. Line 49: Defines a global variable called "ed_list" to point to the MFP list, lst. The ed_list variable is the same variable type as the MFP list except it is used for the fast() function. If you are going to use the fast() function and you are including it into your PROC list you must define the ed_list variable. Most of the time you will define it as the same list as your MFP list. Sometimes you may want to define it as ano- ther list, to exclude or include other fields that are, or are not, acc- essable otherwise. The ed_list variable is initialized in the MFP library as pointing to nothing or NULL. If you find that the fast() function is doing nothing, check your ed_list definition. It must be defined before calling mfp(). Line 50: This is the magic moment, here we call MFP. The parameters are lst and plist. By now we know what these parameters are and how they are defined. At this time the fields are displayed and the user is capable of performing data entry. When the user exits the last field or ends the edit session, mfp() returns. Line 51: Display to the user the available options on row 24. 22 MFP EXAMPLE LISTING NARRATIVE (cont'd) mfp Lines 52 - 56: Await a response from the user. The inkey() function operates exactly like BASIC's INKEY statement. It tests the keyboard buffer for a charac- ter, if none exists it returns with a NULL. Otherwise, it returns with an integer value representing the key pressed. So we wait as long as no key is pressed. Line 57: Converts the key to it's uppercase equivalent. Lines 58 - 63: Determine the course of action to be taken based upon the key pressed. If the user responds by pressing the 'e' or 'E' key the user will be looped back into another edit session. Line 64: Sets the color to a white foreground and a black background in prepar- ation of exiting to DOS. Line 67: This is the function header for a draw screen function. The parameter header is used for the screen header. Line 72: Calls the clear screen function clrscr(). Line 74: Calls the window or block clear screen. The function wcls() will clear a rectangular area of screen defined by upper left and lower right co- ordinates. Lines 76 - 85: Draws three vertical lines. The cup() function is used for <CU>rsor <P>ositioning. The row parameter is first followed by the column. The top left position would be cup( 1,1 ). Line 88: Displays the date in the upper left of the screen. The ldate() function is used which returns a pointer to the character array supplied. This array is stuffed with the current date retrieved from DOS. Line 90: Displays the time in the same manner as the date was displayed. 23 MFP EXAMPLE LISTING NARRATIVE (cont'd) mfp Lines 100 - 123: This is the function that displays the prompts on the screen. Lines 125 - 131: Displays a message of text on row 24 of the screen. Lines 133 - 238: These are the help text strings, defined as an array of pointers for each field. Lines 239 - 248: Defines a single variable as a pointer to an array of pointers. The pointers are the help text. This simplifies coding of the online context sensitive help demonstrated here. Line 250: This is the function header for the inst() function that is the common prevalidation function used in all the entry fields. Line 252: Initializes and defines variable 'x'. This variable will be used to index through the lines of help text. Line 254: This clears the area of the screen right of the entry fields reserved for the help text. line 255: Determines if there is another line of text to be displayed for this field. It treats the help_txt variable as a two dimensional array. When the array points to a zero value it indicates that we are at the end of the help text for this field. The first array dimension is indexed by the mfp_field variable which indicates what field number we are at any given point. The second dimension indexes which line of text is being referenced. Line 258: Displays the line of text pointed to by the two dimensional pointer, help_txt. The 'x' indexer is post incremented to point to the next line. Lines 255 - 258: Loop until a zero value is resolved. This zero is stored at the end of each field help string set. 24 MFP RUN TIME ERROR MESSAGES MFP generates very few run time messages, mostly because of its structure. The error checking that MFP does perform is mostly limited to the mfp() function itself and primarily only to picture formatting and input field declaration. MFP will not generate field overflow or other like messages - it is only concerned about your definitions, which are hard-coded by you. Unless you write self-modifying code, you should not expect messages from MFP. If you do get messages from MFP and you know that your declarations are correct, be on the lookout for ill- behaved memory usage. For instance, when you clear an array's contents make sure you are remaining within its boundries, if you go beyond, you will be destroying possible string space or even worse, the program itself. *ERROR* Picture Format Invalid -> <your format here> This error is generated when mfp is extracting the variable type out of your picture string. No match was found for the nine data types that mfp supports. Mfp expects the following data types and cannot understand any others - also watch out for upper and lower case. Any picture format that begins with a "%" symbol is assumed by mfp() to be a numeric and will be type checked as one and must have the following type identifiers at the end of the picture string : "ld","hd","d","lu","u","Lf","lf","f". If your picture string begins without the "%" symbol, mfp() will assume that the entry is a character string or array. *ERROR* Missing format length -> <your format here> This error is generated when mfp is setting up the input field length. This error occurs only on numeric entry fields. If you neglected to pass a length modifier in your picture format, you can expect to see this error message. Numeric entry picture strings MUST have a length modifier so mfp() can build an entry field of that size for your user to input the data. The mfp() function makes no assumptions about field length for any numeric type. A properly declared picture for a five digit unsigned long integer would look like "%5lu". Mfp uses the '5' to build an entry field five characters in length. *ERROR* Length too short -> <your format here> This error occurs only on floating point numeric entry with a decimal point involved in the picture. When mfp() gets the field length and the number of digits to the right of the decimal point, it checks to see if you have given enough room in the field length for the sign, decimal point itself, and one digit to the left. This means that mfp() needs at least a field length of three digits more than the number of digits to the right of the decimal. For example if you wanted to define a field for the entry of a floating point number that had four decimal digits to the right of the decimal, the minimum field length would be seven digits, "%7.4f". If you were to define a field as, "%10.8lf", mfp() would give you this error message because it couldn't build the field in ten digits and work properly. The proper definition would be, "%11.8lf" or "%10.7lf". The above examples are only minimums, you may exceed the minimums as your application demands, ie; "%12.2lf","%10.2Lf","%4.0f","%5f"... 25 =============================================================================== MENU =============================================================================== Function User menu function with HOT key support. Syntax int menu( MENU **menulist, PROC **proclist ) Prototype in mfp.h Remarks Returns an integer value representing the menu option selected. The return value would be from zero to N - 1. If the user presses the escape key, a value of -1 is returned. The menu() function presents to the user your menu and the help text if provided. The user knows which menu option he is at by menu() highlighting the current option. The user navigates through the menu list via the standard cursor keys. The user may also select an option by pressing the appropriate key, this immediatly selects the option with one keypress. The user may also press the escape key and menu() will return with a -1. When the user cursors over to the wanted selection, he must press enter to validate the selection and menu() returns with the integer value of his selection. The menu() function also supports HOT key PROC's. You must provide a PROC list, exactly as in mfp(). If the user presses a PROC key, the menu() function will execute the PROC and return back to the menu when completed. The menu() function requires a MENU list. This list is a group of menu items in the order of value you want returned. The first item of a menu list, if selected, will have a value of zero; the second item will have a value of one; and so-on for the rest. The MENU list MUST be terminated with a zero to identify the end of the list. The menu() function can accept a PROC list for HOT key PROC capability. If you don't wan't PROC key support you must pass a zero as the PROC parameter. 26 menu MENU ITEM DEFINITION: Each menu item is defined using the typedef MENU. This simplifies your coding and makes defining a menu a snap. An example menu item is defined as follows: MENU item1[] = { 10, 20, "Edit", 'E', "Edit the above data." }; The typedef MENU is followed by an item name which must be unique. The item must be declared as an array. The array is to be defined by direct assignment using the equals symbol followed by an open brace. The first parameters in the braces are the row and column respectively. This is the row and column where this item will appear on the screen. The next parameter is the item text that will be displayed. Following the item text is the alternate keyboard key that can also be used to select this item. If this key is pressed, this item will be selected and menu() will return with this menu item's value. This parameter MUST be uppercase, because the keyboard input will be converted to uppercase for testing. Last but not least, is the optional help text that will be displayed when this menu item is highlighted. If you do not want any help text to be displayed, you must place a zero in this parameter. Finally the menu declaration must be terminated with a close brace and a semicolon. THE MENU LIST: The menu list directs menu() to show the menu items in the order you established in the list, the return value starting from zero indicates the selection the user made, the first item in the menu list being zero and the last; N - 1. The menu list MUST be terminated with a zero. The menu list must be declared with the typedef MENU as an array of pointers. MENU *menulist[] = { item1, item2, item3, 0 }; THE MENU COLOR: The menu function defaults to a white on black menu with the highlighted selection being black on white. This can be altered by changing the value of the following global variables that menu() uses: MENNORMFG This is the normal menu foreground attribute. MENNORMBG This is the normal menu background attribute. MENLITEFG This is the highlighted foreground attribute. MENLITEBG This is the highlighted background attribute. 27 menu THE HELP TEXT: The help text parameter is displayed when the user navigates to a menu item that has a help text line declared other than a zero. This text must not go beyond the 80th column. The help text line is cleared before the text is displayed so shorter lines won't appear with the remnents of a previous longer line. The help text is defaulted to be displayed on row 25 column 1 with a WHITE on BLACK attribute with a maximum text length of 80 characters. The help text position and attributes can be changed by modifying the contents of the following global variables: MENHLPROW This is a global integer that is used for the row position of the menu help text. MENHLPCOL This global integer is used for the column position of the menu help text. MENHLPLEN This global integer is used to determine the maximum length of the help text. This, plus the MENHLPCOL, cannot extend past column 80 on the screen. MENHLPCOL + MENHLPLEN <= 80 MENHLPFG This global integer is used for the foreground attribute of the help text color. MENHLPBG This global integer is used for the background attribute of the help text color. The above variables are declared in the mfp library and prototyped for you in mfp.h. To change one or more of the the above items you only need to assign the value with an assignment statement, ie; MENHLPROW = 2; This assignment changed the help text row to row 2. Any changes to these variables are global and remain until changed again. MENU INITIAL POSITIONING: The initial menu selection can be preset within the range of menu options present. MENSELPOS -- This is the global menu initial position variable. It is normally set to (-1), this makes the menu start at the top item. Any other value of 0 to n-1 will highlite the appropriate selection. The menu function does not modify the value of MENSELPOS. MENSELPOS is a signed integer. 28 menu EXAMPLE: #include <stdio.h> #include <mfp.h> MENU item1[] = { 10,20, "1) Accounts receivable.", '1', 0 }; MENU item2[] = { 12,20, "2) Accounts payable....", '2', 0 }; MENU item3[] = { 14,20, "3) Payroll.............", '3', 0 }; MENU item4[] = { 16,20, "4) General ledger......", '4', 0 }; MENU item5[] = { 20,20, "Exit...................", 'Q', "Exit this program to DOS..." }; MENU *mainmenu[] = { item1, item2, item3, item4, item5, 0 }; void main( void ) { int menu_sel; do { clrscr(); menu_sel = menu( mainmenu, 0 ); switch( menu_sel ) { case 0: accrecv(); break; case 1: accpay(); break; case 2: payroll(); break; case 3: genldgr(); break; default: break; } } while( menu_sel != 4 && menu_sel != -1 ); return; } 29 =============================================================================== PIC =============================================================================== Function Single line character entry with picture formatting. Syntax char *pic( char *data, char *picture ) Prototype in mfp.h Remarks Pic() returns a pointer to the character string provided as the data parameter. It acts as a replacement for gets(), with all the line editing features of mfp(). A character picture string is required. Pic() terminates when the user presses the enter or escape key. Since the same keys are used for editing as in mfp(), pic is an ideal choice for single field entry. The escape key clears the input field and pic terminates. Pic() pads any trailing white space with NUL's upon termin- ation. The following is a list of picture characters: Format Character Purpose ! Upper case conversion ( allows numerics ) * Security echo. All characters are allowed. 0 - 9 Numeric only, largest value filtered A, a Alpha only allowed H, h Hexadecimal Only X, x Any ASCII character Y, y Yes or No only All others used as stationary objects EXAMPLE: #include <stdio.h> #include <mfp.h> char *picture = "999-99-9999"; char data[ 12 ]; void main( void ) { zero( data, 12 ); clrscr(); /* Clear the screen */ cup( 10, 15 ); print("Please enter your social security number:"); pic( data, picture ); } 30 =============================================================================== SCRN =============================================================================== Function Single line entry function with HOT key processing. Syntax int scrn( char *data, char *picture, PROC **proc_list ) Prototype in mfp.h Remarks Scrn() is used in place of pic() when a single data item is to be entered - be it one character or an entire line. The major differences between scrn() and pic() are: pic() returns a character pointer to the edited data item and scrn() returns an integer representing the key press that terminated the edit session. Also, scrn() allows a procedure list as the third parameter for HOT key processing. If HOT key processing is not required you may pass a zero as the PROC parameter, otherwise you should pass a procedure, PROC list, exactly like that used in mfp(). To clarify scrn() further, it should be mentioned here that scrn() is the actual editing function used by mfp(). Scrn() uses the same picture format as pic(). Scrn() terminates with the following key presses: enter, home, end, up arrow, down arrow, and escape. 31 =============================================================================== INKEY =============================================================================== Function Keyboard input without wait or echo. Syntax int inkey( void ); Prototype in mfp.h Remarks Same as BASIC's INKEY$ statement. When called, it checks for the presence of a key press from the keyboard buffer. Returns an integer value representing the key pressed. Returns only one key press at a time. If no key presses are in the buffer, it returns a zero. Extended keys are returned with a 0x0F placed in the upper 8 bits. This simplifies dealing with extended scan codes from the keyboard. EXAMPLE: #include <stdio.h> #include <mfp.h> void main( void ) { unsigned int x = 0; while( x != 3 ) { x = inkey(); if( x ) printf("%x\n",x); } } 32 inkey KEYBOARD USAGE: Inkey returns the following hexadecimal integer for each key combination. Shift, Control, and Alternate combinations are designated as S, C, or A. Esc F1 F2 F3 F4 F5 F6 F7 F8 F9 F10 F11 F12 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---------------+ N| 1B|F3B|F3C|F3D|F3E| |F3F|F40|F41|F42| |F43|F44| | | |N S| 1B|F54|F55|F56|F57| |F58|F59|F5A|F5B| |F5C|F5D| | | |S C| 1B|F5E|F5F|F60|F61| |F62|F63|F64|F65| |F66|F67| | | |C A| |F68|F69|F6A|F6B| |F6C|F6D|F6E|F6F| |F70|F71| | | |A +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---------------+ ~/` !/1 @/2 #/3 $/4 %/5 ^/6 &/7 */8 (/9 )/0 _/- +/= BKS INS HOM PUP +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ N| 60| 31| 32| 33| 34| 35| 36| 37| 38| 39| 30| 2D| 39| 8| |F52|F47|F49| |N S| 7E| 21| 40| 23| 24| 25| 5E| 26| 2A| 28| 29| 5F| 2B| 8| |F52|F47|F49| |S C| | |F03| | | | 1E| | | | | 1F| | 7F| | |F77|F84| |C A| |F78|F79|F7A|F7B|F7C|F7D|F7E|F7F|F80|F81|F82|F83| | | | | | |A +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ TAB Q W E R T Y U I O P {/[ }/] |/\ DEL END PDN +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ N| 9| 71| 77| 65| 72| 74| 79| 75| 69| 6F| 70| 5B| 5D| 5C| |F53|F4F|F51| |N S|F0F| 51| 57| 45| 52| 54| 59| 55| 49| 4F| 50| 7B| 7D| 7C| |F53|F4F|F51| |S C| | 11| 17| 5| 12| 14| 19| 15| 9| F| 10| 1B| 1D| 1C| | |F75|F76| |C A| |F10|F11|F12|F13|F14|F15|F16|F17|F18|F19| | | | | | | | |A +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ CAP A S D F G H J K L :/; "/' ENTER +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+-------+-------------------+ N| | 61| 73| 64| 66| 67| 68| 6A| 6B| 6C| 3B| 27| D | |N S| | 41| 53| 44| 46| 47| 48| 4A| 4B| 4C| 3A| 22| D | |S C| | 1| 13| 4| 6| 7| 8| A| B| C| | | A | |C A| |F1E|F1F|F20|F21|F22|F23|F24|F25|F26| | | | |A +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+-------+-------------------+ SHIFT Z X C V B N M </, >/. ?// SHIFT UP +-------+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+-------+-------+---+-------+ N| | 7A| 78| 63| 76| 62| 6E| 6D| 2C| 2E| 2F| | |F48| |N S| | 5A| 58| 43| 56| 42| 4E| 4D| 3C| 3E| 3F| | |F48| |S C| | 1A| 18| 3| 16| 2| E| D| | | | | | | |C A| |F2C|F2D|F2E|F2F|F30|F31|F32| | | | | | | |A +-------+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+-------+-------+---+-------+ CTL ALT SPACE BAR ALT CTL LFT DWN RGT +---+---+---+-------------------------------+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ N| | | | 20 | | | | |F4B|F50|F4D| |N S| | | | 20 | | | | |F4B|F50|F4D| |S C| | | | 20 | | | | |F73| |F74| |C A| | | | 20 | | | | | | | | |A +---+---+---+-------------------------------+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ 33 inkey DEFINITIONS FOR INKEY: The following is a list of definitions in mfp.h used for inkey(). Please feel free to use them in your programs to make your keyboard references clearer. FN1 Function key 1 UPARROW Up arrow FN2 Function key 2 DNARROW Down arrow FN3 Function key 3 LFARROW Left arrow FN4 Function key 4 RTARROW Right arrow FN5 Function key 5 C_LFARROW Control left arrow FN6 Function key 6 C_RTARROW Control right arrow FN7 Function key 7 INSERT Insert key FN8 Function key 8 DELETE Delete key FN9 Function key 9 HOME Home key FN10 Function key 10 END End key S_FN1 Shift function key 1 PAGEUP Page up key S_FN2 Shift function key 2 PAGEDN Page down key S_FN3 Shift function key 3 C_HOME Control home S_FN4 Shift function key 4 C_END Control end S_FN5 Shift function key 5 C_PAGEUP Control page up S_FN6 Shift function key 6 C_PAGEDN Control page down S_FN7 Shift function key 7 ESCAPE Escape key S_FN8 Shift function key 8 BACKSPACE Backspace key S_FN9 Shift function key 9 C_BACKSPACE Control backspace S_FN10 Shift function key 10 TAB Tab key C_FN1 Control function key 1 S_TAB Shift tab C_FN2 Control function key 2 ENTER Enter key C_FN3 Control function key 3 C_ENTER Control enter C_FN4 Control function key 4 C_MINUS Control minus C_FN5 Control function key 5 A_MINUS Alternate minus C_FN6 Control function key 6 A_EQUAL Aternate equal C_FN7 Control function key 7 TRUE Logical true (non zero) C_FN8 Control function key 8 FALSE Logical false (zero) C_FN9 Control function key 9 CTL_2 Control two C_FN10 Control function key 10 CTL_6 Control six A_FN1 Alternate function key 1 ALT_0 Alternate zero A_FN2 Alternate function key 2 ALT_1 Alternate one A_FN3 Alternate function key 3 ALT_2 Alternate two A_FN4 Alternate function key 4 ALT_3 Alternate three A_FN5 Alternate function key 5 ALT_4 Alternate four A_FN6 Alternate function key 6 ALT_5 Alternate five A_FN7 Alternate function key 7 ALT_6 Alternate six A_FN8 Alternate function key 8 ALT_7 Alternate seven A_FN9 Alternate function key 9 ALT_8 Alternate eight A_FN10 Alternate function key 10 ALT_9 Alternate nine CTL_A CTL_N ALT_A ALT_N CTL_B CTL_O ALT_B ALT_O CTL_C CTL_P ALT_C ALT_P CTL_D CTL_Q ALT_D ALT_Q CTL_E CTL_R ALT_E ALT_R CTL_F CTL_S ALT_F ALT_S CTL_G CTL_T ALT_G ALT_T CTL_H CTL_U ALT_H ALT_U CTL_I CTL_V ALT_I ALT_V CTL_J CTL_W ALT_J ALT_W CTL_K CTL_X ALT_K ALT_X CTL_L CTL_Y ALT_L ALT_Y CTL_M CTL_Z ALT_M ALT_Z 34 =============================================================================== GETKEY =============================================================================== Function Single character input with echo. Syntax char getkey( void ); Prototype in mfp.h Remarks Allows a single character to be inputted. All characters are converted to upper case. EXAMPLE: #include <stdio.h> #include <mfp.h> void main( void ) { char c = '\0'; while( c != 'A' ) { c = getkey(); } } 35 =============================================================================== FLUSH =============================================================================== Function To flush any characters in the keyboard buffer. Syntax void flush( void ) Prototype in mfp.h Remarks Clears the typeahead of the keyboard. Handy before using the inkey() function. Assures that the next key pressed did not occur before you expected. EXAMPLE: #include <stdio.h> #include <mfp.h> void wait_usr( void ) { cup( 24,2 ); print("Press any key when ready..."); flush(); while( !inkey() ) ; } 36 =============================================================================== PAUSE =============================================================================== Function To suspend program operation until a key is pressed. Syntax void pause( void ); Prototype in mfp.h Remarks Pause() waits until a keypress occurs before returning. It flushes the keyboard buffer before waiting for a keypress. EXAMPLE: #include <stdio.h> #include <mfp.h> void main( void ) { printf("Press any key to continue..."); pause(); } 37 =============================================================================== FAST =============================================================================== Function Single line edit feature Syntax void fast( void ) Prototype in mfp.h Remarks Allows editing of one user selected field from a supplied list of fields. Fast() is primarily designed to operate as a function key procedure used in a MFP edit session. It is assigned a function key within a PROC declaration. A global edit list called "ed_list" must be intialized. Fast() uses this "ed_list" to know the fields that can be edited. Commonly the ed_list is made equal to the mfp list that you pass to MFP. This allows fast() to access all fields on the screen. In some cases you may want certain fields excluded or extra fields included. You should set up a seperate edit list for these occasions. The ed_list is defined in the MFP library. This means you can make up several fast edit lists and before calling mfp() you can make "ed_list" equal to that list. In the example program described in the MFP section you will notice the fast() function being assigned to function key two. You should also notice that the "ed_list" is made equal to the mfp list in line 49. This makes all fields defined in that mfp list accessable to the fast() function. Any function that uses the PROC list for function key procedures may use fast() to allow field editing. 38 SCREEN OUTPUT FUNCTIONS =============================================================================== COLOR =============================================================================== Function Color attribute of character data on screen. Syntax void color( int foreground, int background ); Prototype in mfp.h Remarks Subsequent character display will have the color attributes defined in the color statement. Can be used for monochrome or color monitors. *** FOREGROUND *** *** OUTPUT *** DEFINE VALUE COLOR MONITOR MONOCHROME MONITOR REMOVE -1 Disengage the color driver BLACK 0 black foreground black BLUE 1 blue white w/ underline GREEN 2 green white CYAN 3 cyan white RED 4 red white MAGENTA 5 magenta white BROWN 6 brown white LIGHTGRAY 7 white white DARKGRAY 8 gray black LIGHTBLUE 9 bright blue Bright white w/ underline LIGHTGREEN 10 " green " white LIGHTCYAN 11 " cyan " " LIGHTRED 12 " red " " LIGHTMAGENTA 13 " magenta " " YELLOW 14 " yellow " " WHITE 15 " white " " BLINK - Adding 16 to the above colors will cause blinking - *** BACKGROUND *** *** OUTPUT *** DEFINE VALUE COLOR MONITOR MONOCHROME MONITOR NONE -1 Do not change the background color BLACK 0 Black Backround Black BLUE 1 blue " GREEN 2 green " CYAN 3 cyan " RED 4 red " MAGENTA 5 magenta " BROWN 6 brown " WHITE 7 white White NOTE: With monochrome systems, a white background will always produce a black on white. WARNING: If you are not using Turbo C, you MUST disengage the color driver by passing a (-1) as the foreground attribute before exiting to DOS. Failure to do so may cause a lock-up due to the video vector, (10H), being corrupt. 40 =============================================================================== CUP =============================================================================== Function Cursor Positioning Syntax void cup( int row, int column ); Prototype in mfp.h Remarks The cup() function allows you to position the cursor anywhere on the screen. The row and column parameters begin at one and end at 25 and 80 repectively. EXAMPLE: #include <stdio.h> #include <mfp.h> void main( void ) { int row, col; /* Fill the screen with stars... */ for( row = 1 ; row < 26 ; row++ ) { for( col = 1 ; col < 81 ; col++ ) { cup( row, col ); bioputc('*'); } } } 41 =============================================================================== GETCUP =============================================================================== Function Get Cursor Position Syntax unsigned getcup( void ); Prototype in mfp.h Remarks The getcup() function returns the cursor position on the screen. The row is in the upper eight bits and the column in the lower eight bits. Row and column ranges from 1 to 25 and 1 to 80 repectively. EXAMPLE: #include <stdio.h> #include <mfp.h> void main( void ) { int row, col; unsigned rowcol; rowcol = getcup(); row = (rowcol >> 8) & 0xff; col = rowcol & 0x0ff; printf("Row %d, Col %d",row,col); } 42 =============================================================================== PRINT =============================================================================== Function High performance unformatted character string display. Syntax void print( char * ); Prototype in mfp.h Remarks Displays to the console any character array or string. EXAMPLE: #include <stdio.h> #include <mfp.h> void main( void ) { char *s = "Hello world!\n"; print("Hello world!\n"); print( s ); } 43 =============================================================================== SAY =============================================================================== Function High performance unformatted character string display with cursor coordinates. Syntax void say( int row, int col, char * ); Prototype in mfp.h Remarks Displays to the console any character array or string at the desired row and column. This function is a convenient method of displaying string data. This function is a marraige of cup and print. EXAMPLE: #include <stdio.h> #include <mfp.h> void main( void ) { int r, c; char *s = "Hello world!\n"; r = 10; c = 15; say( 10,15,"Hello world!\n" ); say( r,c,s ); } 44 =============================================================================== BIOPUTC =============================================================================== Function High performance character display function. Syntax void bioputc( char c ); Prototype in mfp.h Remarks For Lattice and Microsoft C users only. The Lattice and Microsoft libraries do not provide a high throughput character output function capable of providing adequate performance for MFP's needs. The bioputc() function is a putch() clone except it is twice as fast. This is because control-break checking is not performed. The bioptuc() function uses direct bios video services with attribute support so color will work. The MFP library uses the bioputc() function for all video output in the Lattice and Microsoft versions. TURBO C USERS: This function is not included in your library because you don't need it. The Turbo C library is very opti- mized and this function would only be redundant. The putch() function performs the same. 45 =============================================================================== ESHOW =============================================================================== Function Displays a defined mfp() entry screen. Syntax void eshow( MFP **mfp_list ) Prototype in mfp.h Remarks The eshow() function displays the fields defined in the passed mfp list parameter. This is handy if you wish to display the field contents before allowing an edit session. The eshow() function requires the same type of MFP list that the mfp() function uses. 46 WINDOWING FUNCTIONS =============================================================================== WINDOW_CREATE =============================================================================== Function Window creation Syntax WINDOW *window_create( unsigned ulr, unsigned ulc, unsigned lrr, unsigned lrc ); Prototype in mfp.h Remarks Window_create() allocates memory using malloc() and copies the area defined in the parameter list to the allocated memory. If enough memory is available the function returns with a pointer to the window record. If an error occurs allocating memory for the window the function returns with a NULL value. The pointer to the window record is unique for each window and must be preserved until the window is killed. CAUTION Windows should be killed in the reverse order they were created. This will insure your memory pool's integrity. Example Usage: void errtypesel( unsigned r, unsigned c ) { static WINDOW *erbuf; if( c > 40 ) c -= 20; erbuf = window_create( r+5,c+10,r+10,c+29 ); color( YELLOW,MAGENTA ); wcls( r+5,c+10,r+10,c+29 ); box( r+5,c+10,r+10,c+29,0 ); color( LIGHTGREEN,MAGENTA ); cup( r+6,c+12 ); print("Disk type cannot"); cup( r+7,c+12 ); print("exceed master."); cup( r+9,c+12 ); print("Press any key..."); bioputc(7); pause(); window_kill( erbuf ); } 48 =============================================================================== WINDOW_KILL =============================================================================== Function Window removal Syntax void window_kill( WINDOW *winrec ); Prototype in mfp.h Remarks Window_kill() copies the screen data saved during the window_create() back to the screen. It also deallocates the memory used to store the screen data and the window record. CAUTION Windows should be killed in the reverse order they were created. This will insure your memory pool's integrity. Example Usage: void errtypesel( unsigned r, unsigned c ) { static WINDOW *erbuf; if( c > 40 ) c -= 20; erbuf = window_create( r+5,c+10,r+10,c+29 ); color( YELLOW,MAGENTA ); wcls( r+5,c+10,r+10,c+29 ); box( r+5,c+10,r+10,c+29,0 ); color( LIGHTGREEN,MAGENTA ); cup( r+6,c+12 ); print("Disk type cannot"); cup( r+7,c+12 ); print("exceed master."); cup( r+9,c+12 ); print("Press any key..."); bioputc(7); pause(); window_kill( erbuf ); } 49 =============================================================================== WCLS =============================================================================== Function Clear an area of the screen. Syntax void wcls(int u_l_row,int u_l_col, int l_r_row, int l_r_col); Prototype in mfp.h Remarks Clear an area defined by the upper left and lower right corners. Handy for simple windows or clearing screen sections. EXAMPLE: void main( void ) { /* Clear a box at row 5 column 15 to row 10 column 30. */ wcls( 5, 15, 10, 30 ); } 50 =============================================================================== BOX =============================================================================== Function Draw a rectangular box Syntax void box( int ulr, int ulc, int lrr, int lrc, int type ); Prototype in mfp.h Remarks Outlines a box using the extended ASCII box drawing characters at the coordinates supplied. You must pass box() the upper left row, upper left column, lower right row, lower right column, and the box type. The box() function will outline four box types: 0 -- Single lines horizontal and vertical. 1 -- Double lines horizontal and vertical. 2 -- Double lines horizontal and single lines vertical. 3 -- Single lines horizontal and double lines vertical. EXAMPLE: #include <stdio.h> #include <mfp.h> #define SCREEN 0 #define BUFFER !SCREEN void message( char *s ) { int len, c; char *buf; len = strlen( s ) + 4; buf = (char *)malloc( (len + 1) * 12 ); if( buf != NULL ) { c = (80 - len)/2 /* Center box */ W_SWAP( 10, c, 15, c + len, SCREEN, buf ); color( BLACK, WHITE ); wcls( 10, c, 15, c + len ); /* Clear the area */ box( 10, c, 15, c + len, 1 ); /* Double line box */ cup( 13, c + 2 ); print( s ); /* Display message */ pause(); W_SWAP( 10, c, 15, c + len, BUFFER, buf ); free( buf ); } } 51 =============================================================================== W_SWAP =============================================================================== Function Swap an area on the screen with memory and visa-versa. Syntax void w_swap( int ulr, int ulc, int lrr, int lrc, int mode, char *buffer ); Prototype in mfp.h Remarks The w_swap() function requires the upper left row, upper left column, lower right row, lower right column of the screen area to be dealt with, the operational mode, and the buffer to store or retrieve the screen data. The mode parameter is zero for writing the screen to buffer and is non-zero to write the buffer to screen. The buffer MUST be large enough to accomodate the screen area being operated on. You can calculate the minimum buffer size using the following formula; (((lrc - ulc) + 1) * ((lrr - ulr) + 1)) * 2 = min buffer size. 52 =============================================================================== SCRSWP =============================================================================== Function Screen Swap Syntax void scrswp( char *buffer, int mode ); Prototype in mfp.h Remarks Allows you to copy the screen's contents to a buffer or copy a buffer's contents to the screen. The mode integer determines which way the copy will go. If mode is non-zero, it will copy the buffer contents to the screen. If mode is zero, it will copy the screen contents to the buffer. The buffer must be at least 4000 bytes in size. Any smaller and data after the buffer will get wiped out. EXAMPLE: #define SCREEN 0 #define BUFFER !SCREEN void main( void ) { char buf[ 4000 ]; scrswp( buf, SCREEN ); /* save the current screen */ . . . scrswp( buf, BUFFER ); /* restore the screen */ } 53 DATE AND TIME FUNCTIONS =============================================================================== DATE =============================================================================== Function Provide a character date of "MM/DD/YY" Syntax char *date( char *d_buf ) Prototype in mfp.h Remarks Requires a nine character array and returns with a pointer to the passed array initialized with the current date provided by the operating system. The date is provided in the month/day/year format. The Lattice C version requires the LCR.LIB file to be linked because of the call to the intdos() function. EXAMPLE: #include <stdio.h> #include <mfp.h> void main( void ) { char date_buf[ 9 ]; printf("The current date is %s", date( date_buf ) ); } NOTE: Microsoft C and Quick C users, this function is not provided because the _strdate() function provides the same function 55 =============================================================================== LDATE =============================================================================== Function Provide a character date of "MM/DD/YYYY" Syntax char *ldate( char *d_buf ) Prototype in mfp.h Remarks Requires an eleven character array and returns with a pointer to the passed array initialized with the current date provided by the operating system. The date is provided in the month/day/year format. The difference between date() and ldate() is that ldate() returns with the full four character year. The Lattice C version requires the LCR.LIB file to be linked because of the call to the intdos() function. EXAMPLE: #include <stdio.h> #include <mfp.h> void main( void ) { char date_buf[ 11 ]; printf("The current date is %s", ldate( date_buf ) ); } 56 =============================================================================== STR_JUL =============================================================================== Function Conversion from date character to date numeric. Syntax long str_jul( char *date_buf ) Prototype in mfp.h Remarks Str_jul() provides an excellent method of converting a date string to a numeric value. The numeric value can be used for date mathematics or for database storage and sorting. Str_jul() requires the date string passed to be ten characters, in a "MM/DD/YYYY" format. The ldate() function provides a string in this format. Str_jul can accept input dates ranging from "01/01/0001" to "01/30/3055" inclusive. EXAMPLE: #include <stdio.h> #include <mfp.h> void main( void ) { char date_buf[ 11 ]; long now, then; printf("The current date is %s", ldate(date_buf)); now = str_jul( date_buf ); then = now + 180; printf("180 days from now is %s", jul_str(then,date_buf)); } 57 =============================================================================== JUL_STR =============================================================================== Function Conversion from date numeric to date character. Syntax char *jul_str( long date_num, char *date_buf ) Prototype in mfp.h Remarks Jul_str() provides an execellent method of converting a date numeric back to a string. The jul_str function returns a pointer to the date string passed. The input limitations for the numeric date are 1 to 1,115,503 for output dates ranging from "01/01/0001" to "01/30/3055" respectively. The date string passed must be a minimum of eleven characters. EXAMPLE: #include <stdio.h> #include <mfp.h> void main( void ) { char date_buf[ 11 ]; long now, then; printf("The current date is %s", ldate(date_buf)); now = str_jul( date_buf ); then = now + 180; printf("180 days from now is %s", jul_str(then,date_buf)); } 58 =============================================================================== CAL_JUL =============================================================================== Function Provides a date numeric based upon the the date parameters provided. Syntax long cal_jul( int month, int day, int year ) Prototype in mfp.h Remarks Requires three integers representing the month, day, and year. It returns a long integer representing the number of days from 01/01/0001. EXAMPLE: #include <mfp.h> long str_jul( char *date ) { int m, d, y; char sub[ 5 ]; m = d = y = 0; zero( sub,5 ); sub[ 0 ] = date[ 0 ]; sub[ 1 ] = date[ 1 ]; sscanf( sub, "%d", &m ); sub[ 0 ] = date[ 3 ]; sub[ 1 ] = date[ 4 ]; sscanf( sub, "%d", &d ); sub[ 0 ] = date[ 6 ]; sub[ 1 ] = date[ 7 ]; sub[ 2 ] = date[ 8 ]; sub[ 3 ] = date[ 9 ]; sscanf( sub, "%d", &y ); return( cal_jul( m, d, y ) ); } 59 =============================================================================== JUL_CAL =============================================================================== Function Converts a date numeric to either a day, month, or year integer. Syntax int jul_cal( long date_num, char *item ) Prototype in mfp.h Remarks This function allows selective conversion from the date numeric to an integer representation of the day or month or the year. The selection of what is to be returned is determined by the second item parameter. If an "M" or "m" is passed the month will be returned. If a "D" or "d" is passed the day will be returned. If a "Y" or "y" is passed the year will be returned. EXAMPLE: #include <mfp.h> char *jul_str( long julian, char *date ) { int m, d, y; m = jul_cal( julian, "M" ); d = jul_cal( julian, "D" ); y = jul_cal( julian, "Y" ); sprintf( date, "%02d/%02d/%04d", m, d, y ); return( date ); } 60 =============================================================================== STRTIME =============================================================================== Function Provides the time from DOS in "HH:MM:SS" format. Syntax char *strtime( char *time_buf ) Prototype in mfp.h Remarks Requires a nine character buffer, the ninth character reserved for a terminating NULL. Returns a character pointer to the time character buffer. The Lattice C version requires the LCR.LIB file to be linked because of the call to the intdos() function. EXAMPLE: #include <mfp.h> void show_time( void ) { char tbuf[ 9 ]; cup( 1,70 ); print( strtime( tbuf ) ); } NOTE: Microsoft C and Quick C users, this function is not provided because the _strtime() function provides the same function. 61 =============================================================================== TIME_NUM =============================================================================== Function Provides a numeric representation of a time character string. Syntax long time_num( char *time_buf ) Prototype in mfp.h Remarks Time_num() requires an eight character array representing the time in the format, "HH:MM:SS". Time_num() returns a long integer value that represents the number of seconds elapsed since midnite of the time character array parameter. If time_num() is passed "00:30:00" as a parameter it would return 1800. EXAMPLE: #include <mfp.h> long time_test( char *time_1, char *time_2 ) { return( time_num( time_1 ) - time_num( time_2 ) ); } 62 DATA BUFFER FUNCTIONS =============================================================================== ZERO =============================================================================== Function Fills a character array with NUL's. Syntax void zero( char *array, int array_length ); Prototype in mfp.h Remarks Handy function to initialize a buffer before or after use. Be careful with the length parameter - if it's too long, it may wipe out other data because you will make it initial- ize data after the array. EXAMPLE: void main( void ) { char buf[ 80 ]; do { zero( buf, 80 ); gets( buf ); printf("%s\n",buf); } while( buf[ 0 ] ); } 64 =============================================================================== FILL =============================================================================== Function Initialize a block of data with a specific character. Syntax void fill( char *block, int length, char character ); Prototype in mfp.h Remarks The fill() function requires the pointer to the block of data to be initialized, the length of the block, and the character to initialize it with. Be careful with the length parameter. It can damage your code if it overruns the data you wanted to initialize. EXAMPLE: void main( void ) { char buf[ 80 ]; do { fill( buf, 80, 'A' ); printf("%s\n",buf); } while( buf[ 0 ] ); } 65 =============================================================================== CRC & CRC32 =============================================================================== Function Provide a 16 or 32 bit Cyclic Rendundancy Check of a block of data. Useful for error checking of any I/O process moving a block of data. Syntax unsigned int crc( char *block, int length ); unsigned long crc32( char *block, int length ); Prototype in mfp.h Remarks Both crc() and crc32() scan a block of data and perform an algorythm using the data as input to a polynomial equation. The result of the polynomial is the "crc". This value can be used to validate the accuracy of a data block if the "crc" was transmitted along with the data block. It can also be used to check if a data record is corrupt. The 32 bit crc generated by crc32() is more thorough and provides better accuracy than it's 16 bit cousin, crc(). This is mainly due to the size of the resultant polynomial. EXAMPLE: #include <stdio.h> #include <mfp.h> unsigned int block_ck( char *block, int len, unsigned int crc ) { /* Compare the passed crc with the current crc of the data block. */ return( crc( block,len ) - crc ); } 66 MISCELLANEUOS FUNCTIONS =============================================================================== BRKOFF & BRKON =============================================================================== Function To disable or reenable the break key Syntax void brkoff( void ) void brkon( void ) Prototype in mfp.h Remarks These functions allow you to turn off the break or ctrl C keys thereby avoiding possible disaster if the users attempted to "break" out, leaving the machine in an undefined state or vectors pointing to nowhere. The brkoff() function is called first to disable the break key. The brkoff() function works by intercepting the hardware keyboard interrupt and checking the scan codes coming from the keyboard. If it senses a key sequence that would activate the DOS control break routines, this function would "bit-bin" the keystroke as though it never occurred. The brkon() function turns the break key on again. The brkon() function disengages the brkoff() function by removing its chain into the keyboard interrupt. THIS FUNCTION MUST BE CALLED PRIOR TO RETURNING TO DOS IF BRKOFF() IS USED. If you neglect to call brkon() the keyboard will cease to func- tion, requiring you to cold boot the computer. The brkoff() and brkon() functions use interrupt vector 9. WARNING: This function intercepts interrupt vectors that may ======== be used by other functions in this library. This makes it very important that you disengage this function in the reverse order it was engaged in. This will insure the integrity of the interrupt vectors upon return to DOS. EXAMPLE: brkoff(); /* Turn off break key */ scrsave(); /* Screen saver */ showclok(); /* Real time clock */ . . noclok(); /* Disengage clock */ nosave(); /* Disengage scrn saver */ brkon(); /* Turn break key on */ 68 =============================================================================== SCRSAVE & NOSAVE =============================================================================== Function Turns display off after time period of no keyboard activity. Syntax void scrsave( int tenths ); void nosave( void ); Prototype in mfp.h Remarks The scrsave() function requires an integer value representing the time in tenths of a second, to wait before blanking the display. The purpose for this function is to increase the amount of time before your main menu makes a permanent im- pression on the phosphors of the users monitor. It accomplishes this task by waiting the required time after each keypress until the time expires. It then stores the attribute bytes in screen memory to a 2k buffer and then writes out a BLACK on BLACK attribute in the originals place. This makes the screen look like it has been turned off and it effectively will pre- vent screen burn. When a subsequent keypress occurs, this func- tion will write the stored attributes back out into screen memory effectively restoring the original screen. The nosave() function is used to disengage the scrsave() function. THIS FUNCTION MUST BE CALLED PRIOR TO RETURNING TO DOS IF scrsave() IS USED. The scrsave() function intercepts interrupt vectors 9 and 1CH. WARNING: This function intercepts interrupt vectors that may ======== be used by other functions in this library. This makes it very important that you disengage this function in the reverse order it was engaged in. This will insure the integrity of the interrupt vectors upon return to DOS. EXAMPLE: brkoff(); /* Turn off break key */ scrsave(); /* Screen saver */ showclok(); /* Real time clock */ . . noclok(); /* Disengage clock */ nosave(); /* Disengage scrn saver */ brkon(); /* Turn break key on */ 69 =============================================================================== SHOWCLOK & NOCLOK =============================================================================== Function Displays the current time on the screen every second. Syntax void showclok( int row, int col, int fg, int bg ); void noclok( void ); Prototype in mfp.h Remarks The showclok() function requires the row, column, foreground attribute, and background attribute. It will display the time continuously until you disengage it. It is a background task that will not interfere or measurably affect your app- lication. It provides a nice eight character digital presen- tation, HH:MM:SS. The noclok() function is used to disengage the showclok() function. THIS FUNCTION MUST BE CALLED PRIOR TO RETURNING TO DOS IF showclok() IS USED. The showclok() function intercepts interrupt vector 1CH. WARNING: This function intercepts interrupt vectors that may ======== be used by other functions in this library. This makes it very important that you disengage this function in the reverse order in which it was engaged. This will insure the integrity of the interrupt vectors upon return to DOS. EXAMPLE: brkoff(); /* Turn off break key */ scrsave(); /* Screen saver */ showclok(); /* Real time clock */ . . noclok(); /* Disengage clock */ nosave(); /* Disengage scrn saver */ brkon(); /* Turn break key on */ 70 =============================================================================== DELAY =============================================================================== Function Delay for a period of time Syntax void delay( unsigned clicks ); Prototype in mfp.h Remarks The delay function provides an exact delay in 55 millisecond increments. The delay function uses the internal clock timer to establish its operation. The unsigned parameter is the number of 55 millisecond clock ticks to wait. The clock ticks at a rate of 18.2 ticks per second. A typical 1/2 second delay would pass a parameter value of nine. EXAMPLE #include <stdio.h> #include <mfp.h> void main( void ) { unsigned ticks; printf("Please standby, waiting 10 seconds..."); ticks = 182; delay( ticks ); printf("\n\nThankyou for your patience."); } 71 ----------------end-of-author's-documentation--------------- Software Library Information: This disk copy provided as a service of The Public (Software) Library We are not the authors of this program, nor are we associated with the author in any way other than as a distributor of the program in accordance with the author's terms of distribution. Please direct shareware payments and specific questions about this program to the author of the program, whose name appears elsewhere in this documentation. 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